Voter Challenge Laws Have Long Been Used to Disenfranchise Black Voters, Brennan Center Finds
A Brennan Center for Justice report details how laws enabling private citizens to challenge voting eligibility have historically been utilized to suppress Black voters and other voters of color, tracing the practice from the post-Reconstruction era to contemporary challenges. The analysis highlights instances such as the 1872 removal attempts against recently freed Black Americans in Wake County, North Carolina, and recent efforts including a 2012 challenge targeting people of color and pre-2024 directives to identify voters with “Hispanic-sounding last names.” The nonpartisan law and policy institute concludes that these challenge mechanisms, which expanded across numerous states between 1867 and 1880, are not essential for voter roll accuracy and frequently serve as tools for voter intimidation, often concealing racially motivated objectives.